Carbon Steel
Would a high carbon steel antenna element create a good radiater?
I would like to create an antenna element for 5.3Ghz where the impedance is NOT determined by capacitance but rather by resistance. I would like to do this by making a 50 ohm resister of the appropiate length (full wavelength would be best obviously) so as to maintain load balance and get a good radiater due to length. I would get the right ohm/length balance by doping the exact proportion of carbon to steel (resistance to conductivity). However, I have read that a superconducter is the best radiater so would a poor conductor (high carbon steel) be a bad radiater? OR is there another better solution?
You need to distinguish between load balance and radiation efficiency. A 50-ohm resistor inside of a metal can would be a well-matched load but it would have zero radiation efficiency. In fact just such a “dummy load” is used when testing transmitters (so you don’t actually broadcast any signal). To get a good radiator you need an antenna whose elements are made of a material which is a good conductor, and you want their size and shape to give you the desired impedance. Typically, aluminum is used, but even high-carbon steel is an OK conductor (in fact, the resistivity of steel does not change all that much from low carbon to high carbon). If you really need to make an antenna out of a metal that’s a poor conductor (“poor” for a metal, anyway), use stainless steel or titanium.
Forcing a “Patina” On Carbon Steel – Part 1
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